Study on the friction interface evolution during rotary friction welding of tube

In this study, evolution characteristics of the friction interface during rotary friction welding of tube were investigated. The friction interface that obtained at different welding stage were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results show that the friction interface transforms from sliding friction state to visco-plastic deformation state when the welding torque reaches the peak value. In addition, based on the thermodynamic framework extracted from the maximum entropy production principle, an analytical model for transition criterion from sliding friction to visco-plastic deformation was established. The model was verified by the corresponding experimental results of eight alloys, which indicated that the accuracy and generality of the model is satisfactory.     

Association between patient psychosocial characteristics and receipt of in‐center nocturnal hemodialysis among prevalent dialysis patients

Introduction: Compared to traditional in‐center hemodialysis (HD), in‐center nocturnal dialysis (INHD) is characterized by longer sessions and nighttime administration, which may lead to better outcomes for some patients. Given the importance of patient choice in the decision to initiate INHD, we explored associations between patients’ psychosocial characteristics and their receipt of INHD. Methods: Among hemodialysis patients at a medium‐sized dialysis organization, we identified INHD patients as those for whom ≥80% of dialysis sessions were INHD sessions—starting at 6:30 pm or later and lasting ≥5 hours—over the 3 months (≥20 sessions total) after their first INHD session. We extracted dialysis session data from electronic medical records and psychosocial data from social worker assessments. We tested associations of patients’ psychosocial characteristics—as well as demographic and clinical characteristics—with INHD receipt among all hemodialysis patients (INHD and HD) in bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression models. Findings: Among 759 patients with complete data, we identified 47 (6.2%) as INHD patients. On average, these patients were more likely than HD patients to be employed (full‐time 10.6% vs. 5.2%; part‐time 17.0% vs. 4.2%; P < 0.001), and they were significantly less likely to require ambulatory assistance (14.9% vs. 39.6%, P < 0.001). In multivariable regressions, we found that part‐time employment (versus being unemployed) was associated with a 7.1 percentage‐point higher likelihood of being an INHD patient (P = 0.01), and the negative association with ambulatory assistance needs approached statistical significance (P = 0.056). No other psychosocial factors included in this main regression analysis were statistically significantly associated with INHD patient status. Discussion: Researchers comparing the outcomes of patients undergoing INHD versus other treatment modalities will need to account for differences in employment status—and other factors like requiring ambulatory assistance and age which may predict the ability to work—between INHD users and comparison patients to avoid bias in estimates.     

高温深井通风降温技术的适用条件研究

随着矿山开采深度的不断增加，“三高一扰动”恶劣开采环境问题日益突出，给矿井通风降温工作带来极大困难。对于深井矿山，仅采用通风降温难以满足深部开采的需要，系统研究高温深井矿山通风降温技术的适用性问题，对矿山深部开采具有重要的理论意义和工程适用价值。首先从热力学角度，揭示风流在通风线路中的热交换规律；其次利用差分法原理计算深井筒风流温度，并依此推导出巷道和回采工作面风流温度变化趋势；然后结合采场安全生产允许温度进行反推，最终获取通风降温条件下的可采极限深度计算公式，并选取广西铜坑矿锌多金属矿体作为工程应用试验区进行论证分析。结果表明：基于风流的热交换模型可以推导出风流在井筒、巷道及工作面的温度计算公式，该公式与低温梯度、风流流经路径长度有关；假定工作面温度达到安全开采允许最高温度，可反推出该条件下矿山可采极限深度和巷道通风极限长度（仅采用通风降温措施时）；基于铜坑矿区锌多金属矿的实际条件，代入相关数据，验证计算所得极限开采深度符合实际，即所推导公式是可行的。     

Off-Pathway-Sensitive Protein-Splicing Screening Based on a Toxin/Antitoxin System

Protein-splicing domains are frequently used engineering tools that find application in the in vivo and in vitro ligation of protein domains. Directed evolution is among the most promising technologies used to advance this technology. However, the available screening systems for protein-splicing activity are associated with bottlenecks such as the selection of pseudo-positive clones arising from off-pathway reaction products or fragment complementation. Herein, we report a stringent screening method for protein-splicing activity in cis and trans, that exclusively selects productively splicing domains. By fusing splicing domains to an intrinsically disordered region of the antidote from the Escherichia coli CcdA/CcdB type II toxin/antitoxin system, we linked protein splicing to cell survival. The screen allows selecting novel cis- and trans-splicing inteins catalyzing productive highly efficient protein splicing, for example, from directed-evolution approaches or the natural intein sequence space.     

风传感器故障检测与诊断

文章详细介绍了风传感器的组成和工作原理。从传感器原理出发,分析了洛阳机场风速风向传感器(WAA151/WAV151)常见故障,探讨解决方法,并对维护要点进行总结,为业务人员维护和维修风传感器提供参考。     

Deep reinforcement learning for selecting demand forecast models to empower Industry 3.5 and an empirical study for a semiconductor component distributor

A semiconductor distributor that plays a third-party role in the supply chain will buy diverse components from different suppliers, warehouse and resell them to a number of electronics manufacturers with vendor-managed inventories, while suffering both risks of oversupply and shortage due to demand uncertainty. However, demand fluctuation and supply chain complexity are increasing due to shortening product life cycle in the consumer electronics era and long lead time for capacity expansion for high-tech manufacturing. Focusing realistic needs of a leading distributor for semiconductor components and modules, this study aims to construct a UNISON framework based on deep reinforcement learning (RL) for dynamically selecting the optimal demand forecast model for each of the products with the corresponding demand patterns to empower smart production for Industry 3.5. Deep RL that integrates deep learning architecture and RL algorithm can learn successful policies from the dynamic and complex real world. The reward function mechanism of deep RL can reduce negative impact of demand uncertainty. An empirical study was conducted for validation showing practical viability of the proposed approach. Indeed, the developed solution has been in real settings.     

5 000 t公务船调距桨桨叶数选型研究

针对国内外调距桨桨叶数选型依靠经验为主，对不同桨叶数对推进器整体性能的影响始终缺乏定量分析的现状，以某5 000 t公务船为目标船型，通过调距桨分别配置不同的桨叶数，分析不同桨叶数对目标船型综合性能的影响。总结了公务船调距桨桨叶数选型的方法，归纳了不同叶数调距桨的优劣，可为后续新造船桨叶数的选取提供参考。     

工业无线传感器网络攻击源定位任务分配优化算法

针对工业无线传感器网络中参与攻击源节点定位的任务分配问题,构建和求解多目标优化定位任务分配模型,任务分配模型中设定参考节点组合总能量消耗、距离平均标准偏差目标函数,以及空间约束和剩余能量约束条件;采用循环拥挤排序将非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)进行改进后加入基于稀疏度局部搜索的混合优化算法联合求解任务分配模型,将稀疏度最小的解作为稀疏解,再采用极限优化策略在稀疏解周围进行局部搜索使得解拥有更好的分布特性.Matlab仿真结果表明该改进的混合优化算法可以提高算法收敛速度以及降低算法复杂度,在较快的时间内选择出合适的参考节点组合,减少了定位误差,提高了定位精度.     

符合阿贝原则的数控机床几何误差建模

为提高现有数控机床空间误差分析方法的准确度,本文基于阿贝原则对齐次转换矩阵(HTM)几何误差补偿模型进行优化。首先,推导出XYFZ型三轴机床适用的HTM几何误差补偿模型并给出模型正确使用的前提条件;然后,基于阿贝原则分析了三轴机床的空间误差传递机理,指出阿贝误差对机床定位精度的影响,给出理论计算公式并在机床运动轴上进行实验验证;最后,基于阿贝原则和布莱恩原则对现有的HTM几何误差补偿模型进行优化,采用该模型拟合体对角线空间误差,并与实测机床体对角线误差进行对比验证。现有HTM几何补偿模型可将机床空间误差由41.15μm补偿至16.37μm,补偿率为60.22%;优化后的补偿模型可将机床空间误差补偿至5.32μm,补偿率为87.07%,提高了26.85%。实验结果表明,优化后的补偿模型更加合理,进一步改善了空间误差的补偿精度。